[228][229] The authors of the Parnassus plays at St John's College, Cambridge, numbered him with Chaucer, Gower, and Spenser. [242], The modernist revolution in the arts during the early 20th century, far from discarding Shakespeare, eagerly enlisted his work in the service of the avant-garde. [230] In the First Folio, Ben Jonson called Shakespeare the "Soul of the age, the applause, delight, the wonder of our stage", although he had remarked elsewhere that "Shakespeare wanted art" (lacked skill). They were married in 1582, when Hathaway was 26 years old and Shakespeare was 18. Of the tributes from fellow authors, one refers to his relatively sudden death: "We wondered, Shakespeare, that thou went'st so soon / From the world's stage to the grave's tiring room. [72][73] The London public playhouses were repeatedly closed during extended outbreaks of the plague (a total of over 60 months closure between May 1603 and February 1610),[74] which meant there was often no acting work. This technique releases the new power and flexibility of the poetry in plays such as Julius Caesar and Hamlet. He wrote about 38 plays and 154 sonnets, as well as a variety of other poems. Shakespeare stayed with the Chamberlain’s Men, which would later evolve into the King’s Men under the patronage of King James I, for the rest of his career. Juliet explaining how Shakespeare cursed the couple., Innocents Lost. Burbage played the leading role in the first performances of many of Shakespeare's plays, including Richard III, Hamlet, Othello, and King Lear. Initially this appears to have been very profitable, with alleged sales of up to 400 stones of wool at a time being attributed to John in 1571-2. Vampiric Type. [11][12][d] His early plays were primarily comedies and histories and are regarded as some of the best work produced in these genres. First appearance. [171] No evidence suggests that Shakespeare approved these editions, which the First Folio describes as "stol'n and surreptitious copies". Born: 23-Apr-1564 Birthplace: Stratford-upon-Avon, England Died: 23-Apr-1616 Location of death: Stratford -upon-Avon, England Cause of death: unspecified Remains: Buried, Holy Trinity Churchyard, Stratford-upon-Avon, England. His date of birth is unknown, but is traditionally observed on 23 April, Saint George's Day. [71] However, it is perhaps relevant that the bubonic plague raged in London throughout 1609. [64][66] By 1604, he had moved north of the river again, to an area north of St Paul's Cathedral with many fine houses. [63], Throughout his career, Shakespeare divided his time between London and Stratford. [168] In 1613, Sir Henry Wotton recorded that Henry VIII "was set forth with many extraordinary circumstances of pomp and ceremony". In the late 19th century, Edward Dowden classified four of the late comedies as romances, and though many scholars prefer to call them tragicomedies, Dowden's term is often used. [60] In 1709, Rowe passed down a tradition that Shakespeare played the ghost of Hamlet's father. Voice Actor. [64][65] He moved across the river to Southwark by 1599, the same year his company constructed the Globe Theatre there. At the age of 18, he married Anne Hathaway, with whom he had three children: Susanna and twins Hamnet and Judith. Medieval mystery plays and morality plays were performed at religious festivals. These include three operas by Giuseppe Verdi, Macbeth, Otello and Falstaff, whose critical standing compares with that of the source plays. [18], Although no attendance records for the period survive, most biographers agree that Shakespeare was probably educated at the King's New School in Stratford,[19][20][21] a free school chartered in 1553,[22] about a quarter-mile (400 m) from his home. Occupation. [267][268] In 1591, the authorities reported that John Shakespeare had missed church "for fear of process for debt", a common Catholic excuse. Sir, in my heart there was a kind of fighting The literary critic A. C. Bradley described this style as "more concentrated, rapid, varied, and, in construction, less regular, not seldom twisted or elliptical". The couple had three children—an older daughter Susanna and twins, Judith and Hamnet. they have their exits and their entrances; Gender. [132][133] According to Shakespearean scholar James Shapiro, in Julius Caesar, "the various strands of politics, character, inwardness, contemporary events, even Shakespeare's own reflections on the act of writing, began to infuse each other". William Shakespeare is the grand literary figure of the Western world. Will's jawline is defined by a well trimmed beard and for a short time, he wore an earring with a pearl pendant. At age 49 (around 1613), he appears to have retired to Stratford, where he died three years later. NAME: William Shakespeare OCCUPATION: Playwright, Poet BIRTH DATE: c. April 23, 1564 DEATH DATE: April 23, 1616 EDUCATION: King's New School PLACE OF BIRTH: Stratford-upon-Avon, United Kingdom PLACE OF DEATH: Stratford-upon-Avon, United Kingdom NICKNAME: Bard of Avon NICKNAME: Swan of Avon AKA: Shakspere AKA: Will Shakespeare NICKNAME: The Bard BEST KNOWN FOR William Shakespeare… It is often beautiful, but its sentences tend to start, pause, and finish at the end of lines, with the risk of monotony. [47][48][49] After 1594, Shakespeare's plays were performed only by the Lord Chamberlain's Men, a company owned by a group of players, including Shakespeare, that soon became the leading playing company in London. [180] Both proved popular and were often reprinted during Shakespeare's lifetime. Games Movies TV Video. Why is it not possible to name the exact location of William Shakespeare’s birth? 18.) Give Shakespeare’s mother’s first and last name (maiden name). How to Make an Emergency Preparedness Plan for Your Household, The (Failed) Assassination of Pope John Paul II and Its Odd Aftermath, What's Going on in Taiwan? William Shakespeare is widely regarded as one of the greatest writers in the English language. It is thought Shakespeare’s parents may have known each other from childhood, … His extant works, including collaborations, consist of some 39 plays, 154 sonnets, two long narrative poems, and a few other verses, some of uncertain authorship. [169], In 1623, John Heminges and Henry Condell, two of Shakespeare's friends from the King's Men, published the First Folio, a collected edition of Shakespeare's plays. William Shakespeare was born on April 23, 1564, in Stratford-upon-Avon. « Nous sommes faits de la même étoffe que les songes et notre petite vie, un somme la parachève », dit Prospéro dans « La Tempête ». [112][113][114] The Comedy of Errors was also based on classical models, but no source for The Taming of the Shrew has been found, though it is related to a separate play of the same name and may have derived from a folk story. [260] Only a small minority of academics believe there is reason to question the traditional attribution,[261] but interest in the subject, particularly the Oxfordian theory of Shakespeare authorship, continues into the 21st century. Born: April 26, 1564 baptized in Stratford-upon-Avon, England (likely born on April 23rd) Died: April 23, 1616 in Stratford-upon-Avon, England. Born: 23-Apr-1564 Birthplace: Stratford-upon-Avon, England Died: 23-Apr-1616 Location of death: Stratford-upon-Avon, England Cause of death: unspecified Remains: Buried, Holy Trinity Churchyard, Stratford-upon-Avon, England Gender: Male Religion: Anglican/Episcopalian Race or Ethnicity: White Sexual orientation: Matter of Dispute Occupation: Playwright, Poet [199] Once Shakespeare mastered traditional blank verse, he began to interrupt and vary its flow. Striding the blast, or heaven's cherubim, hors'd [187][186], "Shall I compare thee to a summer's day? Sister: Anne Shakespeare Anne Shakespeare was born in 1571 she was the sixth child of John and Mary but sadly she only survived until she was eight years old. [43][46], Greene's attack is the earliest surviving mention of Shakespeare's work in the theatre. [220][221], Shakespeare's influence extends far beyond his native England and the English language. [213] Scholars have identified 20,000 pieces of music linked to Shakespeare's works. He was an important member of the King’s Men company of theatrical players from roughly 1594 onward. "[212], Shakespeare influenced novelists such as Thomas Hardy, William Faulkner, and Charles Dickens. [202] The late romances, with their shifts in time and surprising turns of plot, inspired a last poetic style in which long and short sentences are set against one another, clauses are piled up, subject and object are reversed, and words are omitted, creating an effect of spontaneity. ministre - Définitions Français : Retrouvez la définition de ministre... - synonymes, homonymes, difficultés, citations. William Shakespeare was an English poet, playwright and actor of the Renaissance era. Over the centuries, some readers have posited that Shakespeare's sonnets are autobiographical,[274] and point to them as evidence of his love for a young man. Shakespeare is also supposed to have taken his revenge on Lucy by writing a scurrilous ballad about him. William Shakespeare. [209] Until Romeo and Juliet, for example, romance had not been viewed as a worthy topic for tragedy. 14.) William Shakespeare. According to tradition, the great English dramatist and poet William Shakespeare is born in Stratford-upon-Avon on April 23, 1564. Mary’s family had a distinguished history and could trace itself back to the Norman Conquest.Thomas Arden had fought in the 13th Century civil war; Robert Arden, the War of the Roses and John Arden was one of Henry VII’s courtiers. Shakespeare may have taught at school during this period, but it seems more probable that shortly after 1585 he went to London to … Shakespeare's plays are difficult to date precisely, however,[107][108] and studies of the texts suggest that Titus Andronicus, The Comedy of Errors, The Taming of the Shrew, and The Two Gentlemen of Verona may also belong to Shakespeare's earliest period. The American novelist Herman Melville's soliloquies owe much to Shakespeare; his Captain Ahab in Moby-Dick is a classic tragic hero, inspired by King Lear. Explore Wikis; Community Central; Start a Wiki; Search This wiki This wiki All wikis | Sign In Don't have an account? [14] He was born in Stratford-upon-Avon, where he was baptised on 26 April 1564. Shakespeare's works include the 36 plays printed in the First Folio of 1623, listed according to their folio classification as comedies, histories, and tragedies. A third narrative poem, A Lover's Complaint, in which a young woman laments her seduction by a persuasive suitor, was printed in the first edition of the Sonnets in 1609. Playwright, Poet. William Shakespeare is arguably the most famous writer of all time, but his private life and marriage to Anne Hathaway isn't necessarily well known to the public. Shakespeare uses it, for example, to convey the turmoil in Hamlet's mind:[200]. He is often called England's national poet and the "Bard of Avon" (or simply "the Bard"). Eliot. 19.) SHAKESPEARE William, poète et dramaturge anglais 1564-1616. He is that unique writer: he has something for everyone. Shakespeare’s mother was born Mary Arden in 1537, the youngest of eight daughters of Robert Arden. There, he rented rooms from a French Huguenot named Christopher Mountjoy, a maker of women's wigs and other headgear. What town was the birthplace of William Shakespeare? [187] Few analysts believe that the published collection follows Shakespeare's intended sequence. [2][3][4] In the last phase of his life, he wrote tragicomedies (also known as romances) and collaborated with other playwrights. [258] Proposed alternative candidates include Francis Bacon, Christopher Marlowe, and Edward de Vere, 17th Earl of Oxford. 4,160 Pages. [218] Samuel Johnson quoted him more often than any other author in his A Dictionary of the English Language, the first serious work of its type. [185][186] Even before the two unauthorised sonnets appeared in The Passionate Pilgrim in 1599, Francis Meres had referred in 1598 to Shakespeare's "sugred Sonnets among his private friends". Une autre salle dans le château. Shakespeare's family. November 11th. Shakespeare's standard poetic form was blank verse, composed in iambic pentameter. Films. [135][136] Many critics believe that Shakespeare's greatest tragedies represent the peak of his art. The reign of Elizabeth I the flowering of drama was personified by William Shakespeare. As a result, critics of the time mostly rated Shakespeare below John Fletcher and Ben Jonson. In particular, he expanded the dramatic potential of characterisation, plot, language, and genre. William Shakespeare's Occupation There have been many theories about what Shakespeare did for a living as a young man in Stratford; some suggest he was a schoolmaster. From roughly 1594 onward he was an important member of the Lord Chamberlain’s Men company of theatrical players. Its plaque compares him to Nestor, Socrates, and Virgil. No extant contemporary source explains how or why he died. On November 28, 1582, William Shakespeare, 18, and Anne Hathaway, 26, pay a 40-pound bond for their marriage license in Stratford-upon-Avon. He increasingly tuned his metaphors and images to the needs of the drama itself. Others read the same passages as the expression of intense friendship rather than romantic love. 26 April 1564 – 23 April 1616)[a] was an English playwright, poet, and actor, widely regarded as the greatest writer in the English language and the world's greatest dramatist. Shakespeare's Memorial Theatre opened in 1879 and burned down in 1926. [150] Some commentators have seen this change in mood as evidence of a more serene view of life on Shakespeare's part, but it may merely reflect the theatrical fashion of the day. William Shakespeare. Shakespeare produced most of his known works between 1589 and 1613. Vous êtes en mode "plein écran". BEST KNOWN FOR: William Shakespeare was an English playwright and poet who is widely … He wrote 39 plays (with about half of them considered comedies) and two long poems in his lifetime. Male. Name Shakespeare’s paternal grandfather and give his occupation. Register Start a Wiki. associated with John Taylor oil on canvas, feigned oval, circa 1600-1610 21 3/4 in. Gender: Male Religion: Anglican/Episcopalian Race or Ethnicity: White Sexual orientation: Matter of Dispute Occupation: Playwright, Poet. [188] He seems to have planned two contrasting series: one about uncontrollable lust for a married woman of dark complexion (the "dark lady"), and one about conflicted love for a fair young man (the "fair youth"). And prais'd be rashness for it—let us know [37] Some 20th-century scholars suggested that Shakespeare may have been employed as a schoolmaster by Alexander Hoghton of Lancashire, a Catholic landowner who named a certain "William Shakeshafte" in his will. [54], Some of Shakespeare's plays were published in quarto editions, beginning in 1594, and by 1598, his name had become a selling point and began to appear on the title pages. There is a bust of Shakespeare on the pediment of However, Shakespeare soon began to adapt the traditional styles to his own purposes. However, in 1623, two fellow actors and friends of Shakespeare's, John Heminges and Henry Condell, published a more definitive text known as the First Folio, a posthumous collected edition of Shakespeare's dramatic works that included all but two of his plays. [255][256][257], Around 230 years after Shakespeare's death, doubts began to be expressed about the authorship of the works attributed to him. As used here, Johannes Factotum ("Jack of all trades") refers to a second-rate tinkerer with the work of others, rather than the more common "universal genius". Nicholas Rowe, Shakespeare's first biographer, recounted a Stratford legend that Shakespeare fled the town for London to escape prosecution for deer poaching in the estate of local squire Thomas Lucy. [134], In the early 17th century, Shakespeare wrote the so-called "problem plays" Measure for Measure, Troilus and Cressida, and All's Well That Ends Well and a number of his best known tragedies. [59] In 1610, John Davies of Hereford wrote that "good Will" played "kingly" roles. The consistory court of the Diocese of Worcester issued a marriage licence on 27 November 1582. [5][b] His extant works, including collaborations, consist of some 39 plays,[c] 154 sonnets, three long narrative poems, and a few other verses, some of uncertain authorship. Signature. Past Occupation. [196][197] No single play marks a change from the traditional to the freer style. Biographers suggest that his career may have begun any time from the mid-1580s to just before Greene's remarks. [269][270][271] Other authors argue that there is a lack of evidence about Shakespeare's religious beliefs. [207][208], Shakespeare's work has made a lasting impression on later theatre and literature. [198] By the time of Romeo and Juliet, Richard II, and A Midsummer Night's Dream in the mid-1590s, Shakespeare had begun to write a more natural poetry. [205] He reshaped each plot to create several centres of interest and to show as many sides of a narrative to the audience as possible. The son of John Shakespeare and Mary Arden, he was probably educated at the King Edward VI Grammar School in Stratford, where he learned Latin and a little Greek and read the Roman dramatists. William Shakespeare is a young man with a fair complexion, curly brown hair, and cerulean eyes. Latin was the language used in most respected professions including the law, medicine and in the clergy. That Is the Question", Winston Churchill & Shakespeare - UK Parliament Living Heritage, Works by William Shakespeare set to music: free scores, Excavation finds early Shakespeare theatre, Records on Shakespeare's Theatre Legacy from the UK Parliamentary Collections, Newspaper clippings about William Shakespeare, The Angel of Vengeance – The Female Hamlet, The Complete Works of William Shakespeare (Abridged), To Be or Not to Be: That is the Adventure, A Performance of Hamlet in the Village of Mrdusa Donja, Friends, Romans, countrymen, lend me your ears, Shakespeare's Macbeth – A Tragedy in Steel, Othello Ballet Suite/Electronic Organ Sonata No. [219] Expressions such as "with bated breath" (Merchant of Venice) and "a foregone conclusion" (Othello) have found their way into everyday English speech. William Shakespeare est un dramaturge, poète et acteur anglais baptisé le 26 avril 1564 [N 1] à Stratford-upon-Avon et mort le 23 avril 1616 [N 2] dans la même ville. [165] The popular comic actor Will Kempe played the servant Peter in Romeo and Juliet and Dogberry in Much Ado About Nothing, among other characters. 16.) What Are the Strengths & Weaknesses of Psychoanalytic Theory. See. He was born on or around 23 April 1564 in Stratford-upon-Avon, the eldest son of John Shakespeare, a prosperous glover and local dignitary, and Mary Arden, the daughter of a wealthy farmer. 26 April 1564 – 23 April 1616) [a] was an English playwright , poet , and actor. The 1616 edition of Ben Jonson's Works names him on the cast lists for Every Man in His Humour (1598) and Sejanus His Fall (1603). Little is known about Shakespeare's activities between 1585 and 1592. Playwright. "[84][g], He was survived by his wife and two daughters. As per church records, he was baptized on April 26, 1564. It remains unclear if these figures represent real individuals, or if the authorial "I" who addresses them represents Shakespeare himself, though Wordsworth believed that with the sonnets "Shakespeare unlocked his heart". Shakespeare combined the two throughout his career, with Romeo and Juliet perhaps the best example of the mixing of the styles. William Shakespeare is a dreamer who wishes to live by his playwriting work but is often discouraged by harsh reality. [216], In Shakespeare's day, English grammar, spelling, and pronunciation were less standardised than they are now,[217] and his use of language helped shape modern English. William Shakespeare. That damn playwright cursed us when he wrote our story with a quill from a Phoenix feather.Juliet explaining how Shakespeare cursed the couple., Innocents Lost William Shakespeare (baptised 26 April 1564; died 23 April 1616) was an English poet and playwright, widely regarded as the greatest writer in the English language and the world's pre-eminent dramatist. Height. Most scholars now accept that Shakespeare wrote A Lover's Complaint. [249][250] No Shakespearean poems were included in the First Folio. Some of the most deeply affecting productions of Shakespeare have been non-English, and non-European. [45] The italicised phrase parodying the line "Oh, tiger's heart wrapped in a woman's hide" from Shakespeare's Henry VI, Part 3, along with the pun "Shake-scene", clearly identify Shakespeare as Greene's target. In the 1950s, a wave of new critical approaches replaced modernism and paved the way for "post-modern" studies of Shakespeare. [146] In this play, Shakespeare adds a supernatural element to the tragic structure. William Shakespeare was an English poet and playwright, widely regarded as the greatest writer in the English language. [235] In the 18th and 19th centuries, his reputation also spread abroad. was, despite numerous theories, or whether Shakespeare even authorised the publication. 26 April 1564 – 23 April 1616) was an English playwright, poet, and actor, widely regarded as the greatest writer in the English language and the world's greatest dramatist. Rashly— He is often called England's national poet and the "Bard of Avon" (or simply "the Bard").