Le Temple de Salomon resta debout pendant plusieurs générations de rois. Only in special cases was all of the offering given only to God, such as in the case of the scapegoat. Un article de la Biblical Archaeology Review paru en 1997[14] relate qu'un autre ostracon « récemment apparu sur le marché des antiquités » et daté de l'âge du fer II « semble être un reçu établi à l’occasion d’un don de trois sicles d’argent au Temple de Yahweh ». It was destroyed by the Chaldeans (2 Kings 25:13). [31], During the Deuteronomic reform of King Josiah, the cult objects of the sun and Asherah were taken out of the temple and the practice of sacred prostitution and the worship of Baal and the hosts of heaven were stopped. Cet objet de 44 mm de haut a été repéré sur le marché des antiquités de Jérusalem en juin 1979 par André Lemaire. [2] The Jews who had been deported in the aftermath of the Babylonian conquest were eventually allowed to return and rebuild their temple — known as the Second Temple. [59] Conversely, if they turn aside and forsake God's commandments and worship other gods, then God will abandon the temple: "this house which I have sanctified for My name I will cast out of My sight". Josephus reported that the vessels in the Temple were composed of orichalcum covered in gold in Antiquities of the Jews. Inauguration officielle du Temple de Salomon 2014. Selon la Bible, Salomon aurait reçu les plans du Temple de son père le roi David. A cerimônia de inauguração foi um marco para a Universal. L’ordre du Temple est un ordre religieux et militaire issu de la chevalerie chrétienne du Moyen Âge, dont les membres sont appelés les Templiers. 159–80 in, Ibn Ashur, Muhammad al-Tahir. [95], Solomon's Temple appears in Solomon and Sheba (1959) and in the novel King Solomon's Mines (1885). Il est difficile de savoir à partir de quand le temple a pu être construit, voire reconstruit à partir d'un sanctuaire plus ancien. The walls of the sanctuary were lined with cedar, on which were carved figures of cherubim, palm trees, and open flowers, which were overlaid with gold (1 Kings 6:29-30). A decade later, Nebuchadnezzar again besieged Jerusalem and after 30 months finally breached the city walls in 587 BCE, subsequently burning the Temple, along with most of the city (2 Kings 25). It is described in 1 Kings 7:23–26 and 2 Chronicles 4:2–5. The Temple was looted and then destroyed in 586/587 BCE at the hands of the Babylonian king Nebuchadnezzar II,[1] who also deported the Jews to Babylon. According to Jewish tradition, the Temple was destroyed on Tisha B'Av, the 9th day of Av (Hebrew calendar).[62]. 1984. vol. Mais la Babylonie s’effondre sous l’attaque de Cyrus II, fondateur de l’Empire perse, qui libère les prisonniers en -538 et autorise la reconstruction de l'édifice donnant ainsi naissance au Second Temple de Jérusalem. What to Do When Experts Disagree", "Temple Mount dirt uncovers First Temple artifacts", Another First Temple Weight, This One With Mirror Writing, Found in Jerusalem Sifting Project, "Straight from the Bible: Tiny First Temple stone weight unearthed in Jerusalem", "Temple Mount First Temple Period Discoveries", "Solomon's Temple Artifacts Found by Muslim Workers", "Extremely Rare Pottery Shard Hid an Even Rarer Surprise", "Ancient Sudan~ Nubia: Investigating the Origin of the Ancient Jewish Community at Elephantine: A Review", "Searching for the Temple of King Solomon", "Assassin's Creed Unity (Video Game Review)", C. The Ain Dara Temple: A New Parallel from Syria, "The Temple of Solomon in Iron Age Context", "The Chronicler's portrayal of Solomon as the King of Peace within the context of the international peace discourses of the Persian era", "Temple Measurements and Photo recreations", Committee for the Prevention of Destruction of Antiquities on the Temple Mount, Hashemite custodianship of Jerusalem holy sites, Temple Mount and Eretz Yisrael Faithful Movement, Second Temple / Ezra's Temple / Herod's Temple, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Solomon%27s_Temple&oldid=1023492558, 10th-century BC religious buildings and structures, Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1906 Jewish Encyclopedia, Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1906 Jewish Encyclopedia without a Wikisource reference, Short description is different from Wikidata, Infobox religious building with unknown affiliation, All articles needing additional references, Articles needing additional references from October 2020, Articles that may contain original research from August 2014, All articles that may contain original research, Articles with unsourced statements from November 2020, Articles with disputed statements from February 2019, Wikipedia articles incorporating text from Easton's Bible Dictionary, Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the 1906 Jewish Encyclopedia, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, In 2018 and a few years previously, two First Temple period stone weights used for weighing half-, In 2007, artifacts dating to the 8th to 6th centuries BCE were described as being possibly the first physical evidence of human activity at the Temple Mount during the First Temple period. J.-C.. Israel Finkelstein suggère donc que le temple a pu être édifié à cette époque, peut-être sous l'influence du royaume d'Israël alors en pleine expansion[10]. On y entrait par l’Orient, alors que dans un Temple maçonnique on y entre par l’Occident. Cependant l'accès à la zone de son implantation supposée est impossible aux archéologues[8]. L'interprétation des données archéologiques concernant ces réformes cultuelles ne sont cependant pas sans ambiguïté et l'idée d'une centralisation effective du culte dans le seul temple de Jérusalem reste débattue[11]. [6], According to the Bible, the Temple not only served as a religious building, but also as a place of assembly for the Israelites. Le chapitre 6 donne une description précise de l’architecture du temple et de sa construction achevée après 7 années[5]. JÉRUSALEM D'AUJOURD'HUI – LE RATIO DORÉ DANS LA RÉGION SAINTE . 1 Kings 8:10–66 and 2 Chronicles 6:1–42 recount the events of the temple's dedication. It is also categorized as being a straight-axis temple, meaning that there is a straight line from the entrance to the innermost shrine. Le plan du temple, tel qu'il est décrit dans le Premier livre des Rois, peut être rapproché de prototypes de temples syriens du IXe siècle av. It contained the Altar of burnt-offering (2 Chr. The Complete Works of Flavius Josephus, page 199-200, "The plan of Solomon’s temple in Jerusalem asdescribed in 1 Kgs 8 recalls principles of temple architectural traditions alreadyknown in the Levant in the second millennium, that continue into the Iron Age in northern Syria. La dernière modification de cette page a été faite le 11 avril 2021 à 20:24. J.-C., le temple de Salomon existait encore et était devenu le centre unique du culte des Hébreux. [18], Until the reforms of King Josiah, there was also a statue for the goddess Asherah (2 Kings 23:6) and priestesses wove ritual textiles for her. Selon David Ussishkin, à l'époque de David et Salomon (Xe siècle av. Voici donc le Temple de Salomon : plan et orientation. [12] If so, it would be the only extra-Biblical corroboration of the Temple found. [32], A korban was a kosher animal sacrifice, such as a bull, sheep, goat, or a dove that underwent shechita (Jewish ritual slaughter). [96][97] It appears too on Assassin's Creed Unity (2014) where the Knight Templar Jacques de Molay is burned and died. Nous allons essayer de répondre à celles-ci et aux thèmes les plus souvent évoqués par les chercheurs. On pense que le temple de Salomon fut construit dans la partie est de l'actuelle vieille ville de J rusalem, dans le secteur de l'Haram-ech-Charif. Parmi les ostraca d'Arad, l'ostracon 18 en hébreu mentionne la « maison de Yhwh » (byt yhwh). According to the Biblical narrative, Solomon's Temple, also known as the First Temple, was a temple in Jerusalem (בֵּית־הַמִּקְדָּשׁ: Beit Ha-Miqdash) built under King Solomon's reign and completed in 957 BCE. [41] He tells Solomon that he will send the trees by sea: "I will make them into rafts to go by the sea to the place that you indicate. [64] Nevertheless, the descriptions have inspired modern replicas of the temple and influenced later structures around the world. Il fortifia considérablement Hatsor et Meguiddo ; les archéologues ont découvert des portions de murailles solides et de portes fortifiées qu’ils tiennent pour être les restes des travaux de Salomon dans ces villes aujourd’hui en ruines. Ce phénomène pourrait correspondre à une centralisation du culte au profit du temple de Jérusalem, volonté proclamée dans la Bible à l'époque des rois Ézéchias et Josias. The Temple of Solomon (Portuguese: Templo de Salomão, IPA: [ˈtẽplu dʒi saloˈmɐ̃w̃]) is a replica of the Temple of Solomon built by the Universal Church of the Kingdom of God (UCKG) in São Paulo.. Le temple de Dieu, c’est nous. According to the Bible, two courts surrounded the Temple. ", "Judaism 101: Qorbanot: Sacrifices and Offerings", "Animal sacrifice at temple powered ancient Jerusalem's economy", "Archaeology and the Bible: Reflections on Historical Memory in the Deuteronomistic History", "Israel Indicts 4 in 'Brother of Jesus' Hoax and Other Forgeries", "Authentic or Forged? Il ne suffit pas aujourd’hui de dire que Juifs et non-Juifs se rendent ensemble au temple; Juifs et non-Juifs réconciliés par le sang de Christ forment ensemble le vrai temple. Au début de l’année 2014, il a étéannoncé publiquement que les préparatifs pour la reconstruction du troisièmetemple à 15, p. 13. C’était pour lui un royaume où son fils Salomon fit construire un temple. [15], The Jewish historian Josephus says; "the temple was burnt four hundred and seventy years, six months, and ten days after it was built". Technical details are lacking, since the scribes who wrote the books were not architects or engineers. The doorposts, of olivewood, supported folding doors of fir. L'orientation est cependant inversée[20]. (2 Kings 23:7) Next to the temple was a house for the temple prostitutes (2 Kings 23:7)[19] who performed sacred prostitution at the temple. modifier - modifier le code - modifier Wikidata. Because of the religious and political sensitivities involved, no archaeological excavations and only limited surface surveys of the Temple Mount have been conducted since Charles Warren's expedition of 1867–70. [24], The temple had chariots of the sun (2 Kings 23:11) and temple worshipers would face east and bow to the sun. Plus ou moins bien entretenu selon les époques, il subit une destruction totale lors de la prise de Jérusalem par les Babytloniens en 587 av. It appears too on Assassin's Creed Unity (2014) where the Knight Templar Jacques de Molay is burned and died. It is furthermore classified as a tripartite building, consisting of three units; the ulam (porch), the heikal (sanctuary), and the debir (the Holy of Holies). [20] It is unclear whether the prostitutes included both male and female or just male prostitutes. Chaque frère ne peut avoir que trois chevaux, à moins qu'il n'ait une permission du Maître, parce que la Maison de Dieu et du Temple de Salomon ne peut permettre, par manque de prévoyance, de risquer d'accroître la pauvreté. [61], According to the Tanakh, the Temple was plundered by the Neo-Babylonian Empire king Nebuchadnezzar II when the Babylonians attacked Jerusalem during the brief reign of Jehoiachin c. 598 BCE (2 Kings 24:13). On sait que le Temple de Jérusalem a été détruit et reconstruit à quelques reprises. [69][70][71] There is no solid archaeological evidence for the existence of Solomon's Temple, and the building is not mentioned in surviving extra-biblical accounts. [64] It was floored and wainscotted with cedar of Lebanon, and its walls and floor were overlaid with gold amounting to 600 talents or roughly 20 metric tons. 4:9). [46] But when Hiram comes to see the towns he isn't pleased: "What are these towns that you have given me, my brother?" It measured 40 cubits in length, 20 cubits in width, and 30 cubits in height and contained a candelabrum, a table and a gold-covered altar used for offerings. Au moment de la mise en place du texte de la Bible, au VII e siècle av. [98][99], The same architectural layout of the temple was adopted in synagogues leading to the hekhal being applied in Sephardi usage to the Ashkenazi Torah ark, the equivalent of the nave. Sweeney, Marvin A. The molten sea was made of brass or bronze, which Solomon had taken from the captured cities of Hadarezer, the king of Zobah (1 Chronicles 18:8). [39] Solomon also brings over a skilled craftsman from Tyre, also called Hiram (or Huram-abi[42]), who oversees the construction of the Temple. J.-C. Les recherches archéologiques Il ne reste aujourd'hui plus aucun vestige du … L'agencement contemporain des temples maçonniques en France et dans le monde suit peu ou prou la même allégorie : celle du « temple de Salomon » tel que le relate le premier livre des Rois de la Bible (chap.5-6-7)[19] ainsi que le deuxième livre des Chroniques (3 et 4). For the album by Closure in Moscow, see, Jerusalem in Biblical Times...1350—100 B.C.E.
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